Includes bibliographical references and index.

1 Origins and Description of Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Origins of Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes -- A Federal Acquisition Regulation (far) -- (I) Causes for Debarment -- (II) Suspension -- (III) Debarment Procedures -- (IV) Judicial Review and Due Process Rights -- B Evolution of the World Bank Group's Sanctions System -- (I) First Sanctions Regime -- (II) The Thornburgh Report -- (III) Expansion of Sanctions Regime beyond Procurement and Launch of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme -- (IV) Early Harmonisation Efforts with the Other MDBs -- 3 Description of Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes -- A World Bank Group's Sanctions Regime -- (I) Two-step Decision-making Process -- (II) Range of Possible Sanctions -- (III) Settlements -- B Inter-American Development Bank's Sanctions Regime -- (I) Early Developments and the Thornburgh Repor -- (II) Two-step Decision-making Process -- (III) Range of Possible Sanctions -- (IV) Settlements -- C European Bank for Reconstruction and Development's Sanctions Regime -- (I) Early Developments -- (II) Two-step Decision-making Process -- (III) Range of Possible Sanctions -- (IV) Settlements -- D African Development Bank's Sanctions Regime -- (I) Early Developments -- (II) Two-step Decision-making Process -- (III) Range of Possible Sanctions -- (IV) Settlements -- E Asian Development Bank's Sanctions Regime -- (I) Early Developments -- (II) Two-step Decision-making Process -- (III) Range of Possible Sanctions -- 4 Comparison of Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes and the Cross-debarment Regime -- A Comparison of Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes -- B Cross-debarment Regime -- 5 Conclusion -- 2 Judicial Review Standards.

2 Judicial Review Standards in the UK -- A Bases for Judicial Review -- B Required Procedures -- (I) Notice -- (II) Right to Make Representations: Written or Oral Proceedings? -- (III) Right to Call and Cross-examine Witnesses -- (IV) Right to Legal Representation -- (V) Failure to Give Reasons for the Final Decision -- 3 Judicial Review Standards in the US -- A Bases for Judicial Review -- B Required Procedures -- 4 Conclusion -- 3 Accountability of International Organisations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basis of International Organisations' Immunities -- 3 Case Law -- A US Courts -- B UK Courts -- C Italian Courts -- D French Courts -- E Belgian Courts -- F Human Rights Dimension and the ECHR -- 4 Conclusion -- 4 What Legal Principles Should Form the Basis of the MDBS' Sanctions Regimes? 1 Introduction -- 2 Customary International Law and General Principles -- 3 Global Administrative Law -- 4 Article 6(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights -- A Civil Rights -- B Hearing -- C Independent and Impartial Tribunal -- 5 Public Judgment/Reasoning of Judicial Decisions -- A Fair Trial -- 6 Jurisprudence of Multilateral Development Banks' Administrative Tribunals -- A Discovery Rights -- B Oral Hearings and Witnesses -- C Publication of Decisions -- D Composition of Administrative Tribunals -- (I) WBAT -- (II) UN Appeals Tribunal -- (III) IMF Administrative Tribunal -- 7 Conclusion -- 5 Due Process Standards in Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Discovery Rights -- A Permissive Approach and Production of Documents -- B Experts' Reports and Assessment of Evidence -- C Witnesses and Oral Hearings -- 3 Publication of Decisions -- 4 Referral to National Authorities -- 5 Composition of Sanctions Boards -- A Sanctions Board Members' Independence and Impartiality -- B Appointment of Sanctions Board Members.

6 Range of Sanctions and Their Proportionality to the Wrongdoing -- 7 Baseline Sanction -- 8 Restitution -- 9 Settlements -- 10 Conclusion -- 6 Treatment of Corporate Groups under the Multilateral Development Banks' Sanctions Regimes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of the Harmonized Principles on Treatment of Corporate Groups -- 3 Liability of a Company for Its Employees' Wrongdoings -- A US Law -- B UK Law -- A Application of the Foregoing Principles to the MDBS' Sanctions Procedures -- 4 Liability of a Parent for Its Subsidiaries' Wrongdoings -- A US Law -- (I) General Approach -- (II) Criminal Liability, Including FCPA -- (III) Proposals for Reforms of the US System -- B UK Law -- (I) General Approach -- (II) Criminal Liability, Including UK Bribery Act -- C Application of the Foregoing Principles to the MDBS' Sanctions Procedures -- 5 Liability of a Subsidiary for Its Parent's Wrongdoings -- A US and EU Sanctions Regimes -- B Application of the Foregoing Principles to the MDBS' Sanctions Procedures -- 6 Successor Liability -- A US Law -- B UK Law -- C Application of the Foregoing Principles to the MDBs' Sanctions Procedures -- 7 Conclusion -- 7 Conclusion and Way Forward -- Bibliography -- Index.

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